Science · X-Factor Notes
Scientists & Inventions revision notes for UPPCS Prelims.
20 revision facts
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Albert Einstein (Nobel Prize) | Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the Photoelectric effect. | UPPCS (Pre) 2015; U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2016; U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2018; U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2015 |
| Theory of Relativity | The special and general theories of relativity were proposed and published by Albert Einstein. | |
| Photoelectric Effect (Discovery) | The phenomenon of the photoelectric effect (emission of electrons from a metal plate when light falls on it) was originally discovered by German Physicist Heinrich Rudolf Hertz in 1887. | UPPCS (Mains) 2003 |
| Subrahmanyam Chandrashekhar | Enunciated the principle of the 'Black hole'. He proved that stars with mass less than 1.44 times the mass of the Sun end up as White Dwarfs. | U.P.P.C.S (Pre) 2011 |
| C.V. Raman (Raman Effect) | Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for his work on the scattering of light and discovery of the Raman Effect. | |
| National Science Day | Observed on February 28 every year to commemorate the discovery of the Raman Effect. | U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2003; U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2002; U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1990; U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1993; U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2016 |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Telescope | Invented by Galileo Galilei in 1609. | UPPCS (Pre) 1994 |
| Steam Engine | Scottish engineer and inventor James Watt made significant improvements, and is thus regarded as the inventor. | U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2007 |
| X-Rays | Invented by W. C. Rontgen (Wilhelm Rontgen). | UPPCS (Pre) 2005; U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1992 |
| Dynamite | Invented by Alfred Nobel. | UPPCS (Mains) 2010 |
| Penicillin | Discovered by Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming. | U.P.P.C.S (Pre) 2011; U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1992; UPPCS (Mains) 2010 |
| Laws of Motion/ Gravitation | These fundamental concepts were formulated by Issac Newton. | |
| Radio/ Microwave Optics | Jagdish Chandra Bose was involved in the investigation of Radio and Microwave optics. | |
| Telephone | Invented by Alexander Graham Bell. |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Thermal Ionisation | The principle of Thermal Ionisation (Saha ionization equation) is an outstanding contribution of Meghnad Saha. | UPPCS (Mains) 2014 |
| Homi Bhabha Award | Given for special contribution in the field of Nuclear Energy. Homi Jehangir Bhabha is known as the father of the Indian Nuclear Programme. | UPPCS(Pre) 2012 |
| New Theory of Relativity | Propounded by J.V. Narlikar in collaboration with Fred Hoyle, amending Einstein’s theory. | U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2016 |
| Biology and Physics Research | Jagdish Chandra Bose was an eminent Indian scientist who carried out research in both the field of biology and physics. | U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2008 |
| Match: Scientists & Work | Dr. Raja Ramanna (Nuclear physics); Prof. U.R. Rao (Space research); Dr. M.S. Swaminathan (Agricultural science). |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Electronic Components Chronology | The correct chronological order of discovery is: Diode (1904) Transistor (1947) Integrated Circuit (IC) (1958) Surface Mounted Device (SMD) (1960s). | U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2016 |
