History · X-Factor Notes
Sixth Century BCE. Political Conditions revision notes for UPPCS Prelims.
19 revision facts
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Source of 16 Mahajanapada | The list of 16 major states (Shodasha Mahajanapadas) is found in the Buddhist literature, Anguttaranikaya, and Jain literature, Bhagwatisutra. | |
| World's First Republic | The world’s first republican system in the 6th century BCE was located at Vaishali, founded by the Lichchhavi clan. Vaishali was the largest and most powerful republic of the Buddha period. | |
| Anga Mahajanapada | Located in modern Bhagalpur and Munger districts. Its capital city was Champa. Champa was one of the six metropolises (metros) during Buddha’s period. | U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2014 |
| Chedi Mahajanapada | Located in modern Bundelkhand, its capital was Sotthivati, also known as Suktimati in the Mahabharata. | UPPCS (Mains) 2011 |
| Matsya Mahajanapada | Located around the areas of Jaipur, Alwar, and Bharatpur, this Mahajanapada was situated in Rajasthan. | UPPCS (Pre) 2017 |
| Shravasti Town Configuration | The town configuration of ancient Shravasti was found to be crescentic (half-moon shaped) based on excavations at Sahet-Mahet. | UPPCS (Pre) 2010 |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Original/First Capital of Magadha | According to Puranas (Brihadratha dynasty), the capital was Girivraj (Rajgriha). | UPPCS (Pre) 2005 |
| Real Founder of Magadha Empire | According to Buddhist texts, the first great ruler and real founder of the Magadha Empire (Haryanka dynasty) was Bimbisara. | N/A |
| Regicide in Haryanka Dynasty | The ruler who killed his father (Bimbisara) for the throne and was, in turn, killed by his own son (Udayin) was Ajatashatru. | UPPCS (Pre) 2004 |
| Pataliputra Founding and Shift | Pataliputra was founded by Ajatashatru. Udayin shifted the capital of the Magadha Empire from Rajgriha to Pataliputra for the first time. | N/A |
| Sequence of Magadhan Dynasties | Haryankas (earliest mentioned in list) $\rightarrow$ Nandas $\rightarrow$ Mauryas $\rightarrow$ Shungas. | N/A |
| Dynasty after Shishunag | The Nanda Vansh ruled Magadh after the Shishunag dynasty. | N/A |
| Succession after Nanda Dynasty | The Maurya Dynasty succeeded the Nanda Dynasty after Chandragupta Maurya defeated the last Nanda ruler, Dhanananda. | UPPCS (Pre) 2000 |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Ruler Titles: Aparoparashurama | This title, implying "second Parashurama," was given to the powerful Nanda King Mahapadmananda. | U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Spl) (Pre) 2010 |
| Famous Physician Jivaka | Jivaka, a famous historical physician and contemporary of Lord Buddha, was associated with the court of Magadhan ruler Bimbisara. | UPPCS (Mains) 2006 |
| King/State Matches | Pradyot ruled Avanti; Udyan ruled Vatsa; Prasenjit ruled Koshala; and Ajatashatru ruled Magadha. | U.P. Lower (Spl) (Pre) 2004 |
| Mahapadmananda’s Kalinga Feat | The Hathigumpha inscription of Kharavela mentions the engraving of canals in Kalinga by King Mahapadmananda (Nanda Dynasty). | N/A |
| Vatsa Capital/Ruler (U.P. focus) | Vatsa's capital was Kaushambi, and its King was Udayana. | UPPCS (Pre) 2008 |
| Kuru Capital (U.P. focus) | Kuru Mahajanpad (Meerut, Delhi, Thaneswar region) had its capital at Indraprastha. | UPPCS (Pre) 2008 |
