Economy · X-Factor Notes
Sustainable Economic Development revision notes for UPPCS Prelims.
High-Yield Revision| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Sustainable Development | Defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Brundtland Report definition). | UPPCS (Pre) 2019, UPPCS (Pre) 2018, UPPSC Pre-2023 |
| Sustainable Development (Alternate Definition) | Saving energy and other resources for the future without sacrificing people’s comfort in the present. | UPPCS (Pre) 2018 |
| Sustainable Development (Core Link) | Is inherently intertwined with the concept of Carrying capacity. | |
| Sustainable Development (Inter-generational aspect) |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Nodal Institution for SDGs | NITI Aayog is the nodal institution for coordination and implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (Agenda 2030) in India. | UPPCS (Pre) 2019 |
| SDG Index Rank (2025) | 99th out of 167 countries, marking its first time in the top 100 | UPPCS (Pre) 2017 |
| Uttar Pradesh SDG Category |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| 12th Five Year Plan (2012–17) | Was launched with a focus on Faster, Sustainable and More Inclusive Growth, emphasizing sustainable growth. | UPPCS (Pre) 2018 |
| Economic Development Approach | Requires a multi-dimensional approach to achieve the targets of inclusive development. | UPPCS (Pre) (Re- Exam) 2015 |
| Most Appropriate Measure of Economic Growth |
| It requires inter-generational sensibilities primarily concerning the use of Natural resources. |
| U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013 |
| Scientific Planning for Development | The view that 'Planning in India should, in future, pay more attention to the people than to commodities' was given by Amartya Sen. | UPPCS (Pre) 1999 |
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| Economic Survey Chapter | A new chapter on sustainable development and climate change was first introduced in the Economic Survey of 2011-12. | UPPCS (Pre) (Re- Exam) 2015 |
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| Sustainable Development Goal Report | The UN Secretary General presents an Annual SDG Report based on the global indicator framework and data produced by National Statistical Systems. | UPPSC Pre-2023 |
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| U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2020 |
| SDG 4 (Education) | Measures essential to achieve Goal 4 include making education free and compulsory and improving basic school infrastructure and embracing digital transformation. | UPPSC Pre-2024 |
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| SDG 10 | Related to Reduced inequalities. | UPPSC Pre-2022, UPPCS (Pre) 2019 |
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| SDG 13 | Related to Climate Action or Climate change. | UPPSC Pre-2022, UPPCS (Pre) 2019 |
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| SDG 14 | Related to Life below water. | UPPSC Pre-2022, UPPCS (Pre) 2019 |
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| SDG 15 | Related to Life on Land. | UPPSC Pre-2022, UPPCS (Pre) 2019 |
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| Non-SDG Target (2030) | Space Research is NOT a Sustainable Development Goal target to be achieved by 2030. | UPPCS (Pre) 2022 |
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| HDI vs. SDG Ranking | There is a positive relation between Human Development Index (HDI) and SDG ranking in Indian States, as SDG targets relate closely to education and health aspects. | UPPCS (Pre) 2019 |
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| A sustained increase in real Per Capita Income. |
| Economic Growth Indicators | Growth in GDP, GNP, and Per Capita Gross National Product are considered. Growth in financial aid from the World Bank is NOT. |
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| Economic Growth and Inflation | Economic growth is usually coupled with Inflation, due to the general increase in demand accompanying rising income. |
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| Underdeveloped Economy | Generally characterized by Low per capita income and Low rate of capital formation. | UPPCS (Mains) 2017 |
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| Inclusive Growth (Measures) | Can be aided by promoting Self-Help Groups, promoting Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, and implementing the Right to Education Act. |
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| Low Per Capita Income in UP (Main Causes) | Fast growing population, lack of entrepreneurship, and inadequate infrastructural facilities. | UPPCS (Mains) 2005 |
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| Highest Contribution to GDP | The Tertiary sector (Services) is the largest contributor to India’s Gross Domestic Product. | UPPCS (Mains) 2017, 2004 |
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