Economy · X-Factor Notes
Employment and Welfare Schemes revision notes for UPPCS Prelims.
High-Yield Revision| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Community Development Programme | Started on 2 October, 1952. It was a multi-purpose programme aimed at overall rural development. | UPPCS (Mains) 2011, UPPCS (Mains) 2015 |
| IRDP (Integrated Rural Development Programme) | Launched nationwide from October 2, 1980. Main aim was to raise BPL families above the poverty line by giving them income-generating assets and credit. | U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2010 |
| TRYSEM (Training of Rural Youth for Self Employment) | Started in August, 1979. Aimed at providing training to rural youth for self-employment. | UPPCS (Mains) 2005, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2010 |
| RLEGP (Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme) | Started on August 15, 1983. | |
| JRY (Jawahar Rozgar Yojana) | Introduced on April 1, 1989 (during the Seventh Five Year Plan). 30% of the employment generated was reserved for women. | U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl.) (Pre) 2008, UPPCS (Mains) 2005 |
| SHG-Bank Linkage Programme | Started by NABARD in 1992. | UPPCS (Pre) (Re-Exam) 2015, UPPCS (Pre) 2020 |
| Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS) | Launched on October 2, 1993. Guaranteed employment to at least one man and one woman in a rural family living below the poverty line. | |
| Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) | Started on April 1, 1999. Merged six existing poverty alleviation programmes including IRDP, TRYSEM, and DWCRA. Emphasized the group approach (SHGs). | UPPCS (Pre) 2002, UPPCS (Mains) 2006, UPPCS (Pre) 2001, 2003, U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002 |
| PMGSY (Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana) | Continuing since December 25, 2000. Allocated ₹ 2,500 crore in Budget 2001-02. | UPPCS (Pre) 2001, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2002, UPPCS (Pre) 2004 |
| Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY) | Launched in 2000. Focuses on creating social and economic infrastructure in five critical areas (health, education, drinking water, housing, and rural roads). | UPPCS (Mains) 2002 |
| MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA) | Launched in 2005, initially in 200 districts. Renamed MNREGA on October 2, 2009. Guarantees 100 days of employment during one year. Positive results include increase in purchasing power and reduction in migration to cities. | UPPCS (Mains) 2006, UPPCS (Mains) 2005, UPPCS (Spl.) (Mains) 2008, UPPCS (Pre) 2015 |
| National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) | Launched in June 2011 by restructuring SGSY. Seeks to improve livelihoods primarily by strengthening Self-Help Groups (SHGs) and providing skill development. | U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2014, UPPCS (Pre) 2015 |
| Employment Guarantee Scheme (EGS) | First started in Maharashtra. | |
| Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) | Declared in the Union Budget of the Financial Year 2019-20. Launched in August, 2019. Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) and safe drinking water to every rural household in India by 2024. | UPPCS (Pre) 2022, UPPSC Pre-2024 |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Nehru Rojgar Yojana (NRY) | Launched in October 1989. It aimed to generate self-employment and wage employment for the urban poor. | |
| Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY) | Operational from December 1, 1997. Subsumed NRY, Urban Basic Services for the Poor (UBSP), and PMIUPEP. Aimed at providing gainful employment to the urban unemployed/underemployed poor. | U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2014 |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Skill Development Initiative | Operationalized in May 2007. Launched by the Ministry of Labour and Employment. | UPPCS (Mains) 2010 |
| Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gramin Kaushalya Yojana | Launched in 2014. | UPPCS (Pre) 2023 |
| Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY) |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) | Launched in 1995. Aimed at providing Old age pension to very poor. Components include IGNOAPS, IGNWPS, IGNDPS, NFBS, and Annapurna Scheme. | U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl.) (Pre) 2008 |
| Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana (AABY) | Launched on October 2, 2007. Provides social security to landless labourers living below the poverty line in rural areas. | U.P. Lower Spl. (Pre) 2008, UPPCS (Mains) 2008, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013 |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| ICDS (Integrated Child Development Scheme) | Launched in 1975. Family Planning is not covered. | U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2019 |
| National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) | Launched in 2005 during the 10th Five Year Plan. Focuses on functional health systems from village to district, and includes drinking water and sanitation as main components. | U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl.) (Pre) 2010, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013, U.P.P.C.S (Mains) 2011, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2019, UPPCS (Pre) 2015 |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Kisan Bahi Yojana | Started in Uttar Pradesh in 1992. | UPPCS (Pre) 2010 |
| Kisan Mitra Yojana | Started in Uttar Pradesh on June 18, 2001. | UPPCS RO-ARO 2023 Prelims Re-Exam |
| Operation Kayakalp | Launched in |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) | Launched in 1975. Provides services like supplementary nutrition, immunization, health check-up, and health/nutrition education to children under 6 and their mothers. Family Planning is NOT covered. | U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2019 |
| Mid-day Meal Scheme (MDMS) / PM POSHAN | Launched in 1995. Promotes the universalization of primary education. Financed and managed by the Ministry of Human Resource Development |
| Concept | What to remember | Asked in UPPCS |
|---|---|---|
| Women's Component Plan (WCP) | Introduced as a major strategy during the Ninth Five Year Plan (1997-2002). Mandated that not less than 30% of funds/benefits in schemes run by ‘women-related’ Ministries/Departments be earmarked for women. | U.P. P.C.S (Mains) 2016 |
| Mahila Samriddhi Yojana | Introduced on October 2, 1993. Objective: Promotion of savings among rural women. It was merged into the Swayam Siddha Scheme in July 2001. | UPPCS (Mains) 2015, U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2021 |
| JNNURM (Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission) |
|---|
| Launched in December 2005. Aims to upgrade urban infrastructure and basic services for the poor to promote inclusive growth. |
| UPPCS (Mains) 2010, UPPCS (Spl.) (Mains) 2004, U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2013, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Spl.) (Pre) 2010 |
| Bharat Nirman Yojana | Started for the period 2005-06 to 2008-09. Focused on six areas including rural housing, rural electrification, and rural water supply. Rural hospitals and Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan were not components. | U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2006 |
|---|
| Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY) | Launched in June 2011 The main objective was Slum free India, by providing affordable housing with basic civic infrastructure and social amenities to slum dwellers. | U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Spl.) (Mains) 2010 |
|---|
| Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) | Time span is 2015 - 2022 (Urban context). Linked to the goal of 'Housing for all' by 2022. | UPPCS (Pre) 2015 |
|---|
| AMRUT (Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation) | Launched in June 25, 2015. It aims at improving urban infrastructure in 500 selected cities and towns across the country. |
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| Pradhan Mantri Swanidhi Scheme | launched in June 2020 to support street vendors who faced hardships during the COVID-19 pandemic. | UPPCS (Pre) 2022 |
|---|
| PMKVY (Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana) | Flagship scheme of the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE). Launched in July 2015. Provides training in soft skills, entrepreneurship, and digital literacy. |
|---|
| Skill India Campaign | Skill India Campaign was launched on 15th July, 2015. It is managed by the National Skill Development Corporation of India. | UPPCS 2020 |
|---|
| National Career Service (NCS) | Launched on July 20, 2015. Implemented by the Directorate General of Employment, Ministry of Labour and Employment. |
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| RPL (Recognition of Prior Learning) | Component of PMKVY for certifying skills acquired by construction workers through traditional channels. |
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| Stand-Up India Scheme | launched on April 5, 2016 Aims to promote entrepreneurship among SC/ST and women entrepreneurs. Provides for refinance through SIDBI. |
|---|
| SANKALP, STRIVE, SHREYAS | All three (SANKALP, STRIVE, SHREYAS) are related to skill development.Launched in 2018 | U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2021 |
|---|
| DHRUV | launched on October 10, 2019 to encourage talented children to enrich their skills | UPPSC 2019 |
|---|
| Swavalamban Scheme | Launched in 2010 .. Provides training and skills to women. | UPPCS (Pre) 2016 |
|---|
| IGNOAPS (Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme) | Component of NSAP. Central assistance is ₹ 300 per month per beneficiary. | UPPCS (Pre) 2015 |
|---|
| PM Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) | Launched on August 28, 2014. Considered a measure for achieving financial inclusion. | UPPCS (Pre) 2017 |
|---|
| Atal Pension Yojana (APY) | Launched on May 9, 2015. A minimum guaranteed pension scheme targeted at unorganized sector workers. Monthly contribution is based on beneficiary's choice. |
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| Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-Dhan Yojana (PM-SYM) | Ensures old age protection for unorganized sector workers. Contribution ranges from ₹55 to ₹200 per month. | UPPSC Pre-2024 |
|---|
| Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) | Launched on May 9, 2015. Premium payable is ₹20 per year (as per 2024 data context). Open to ages 18 to 70 years. | UPPCS (Mains) 2015, UPPSC Pre-2024 |
|---|
| Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) | Launched in 2015. Annual premium is ₹436 per year (as per 2024 data context). | UPPSC Pre-2024 |
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| ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) | The trained female community health worker at the village level under the NRHM. Their jobs include accompanying women for antenatal care check-up and providing information on nutrition and immunization. | UPPCS (Mains) 2017 |
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| Janani Suraksha Yojana | Launched in 2005 under the National Rural Health Mission Objectives are to promote institutional deliveries and provide monetary assistance for delivery costs. | UPPCS (Pre) 2005 |
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| National Health Policy (NHP) | First NHP Announced in 1983. The NHP, 2017 aims for the attainment of the highest possible level of health and well-being for all. | UPPCS (Pre) 1993 |
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| Mahila Samriddhi Yojana | Started on October 2, 1993. Aimed at promotion of savings among rural women. | UPPCS (Mains) 2015 |
|---|
| Mid-day Meal Scheme (PM POSHAN) | Launched in 1995. Objective: universalization of primary education. Renamed PM POSHAN Scheme in 2021. | UPPCS (Mains) 2008, 2006, U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2016, U.P.P.C.S (Pre) 2010, UPPCS (Pre) 2023 |
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| National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) | Launched in 2005. Village level health worker is known as ASHA. | UPPCS (Mains) 2017, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2019, UPPSC Pre-2022 |
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| Mission Indradhanush | Launched in 2014. | UPPCS RO-ARO 2023 Prelims Exam (1) |
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| Ayushman Bharat - PM Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) | Provides free health insurance of ₹ 5 lakh per person (in critical illness context in some regions). Expenses are shared between Centre and State in a 60:40 ratio. Launched in 2018. | U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2020, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2020 |
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| Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana | Launched in 2018. Provides free health insurance. Expenses shared between Centre and State in 60:40 ratio. | U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2020, UPPCS RO-ARO 2023 Prelims Exam (1) |
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| POSHAN Abhiyaan (National Nutrition Mission) | Flagship program launched in 2018. |
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| AYUSHMAN SAHAKAR Scheme | Launched by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare on October 19, 2020. Formulated by NCDC to assist cooperatives in creating/modernizing health infrastructure. |
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| UPPCS RO-ARO 2023 Prelims Re-Exam |
| Shiksha Mitra Yojana | Launched in 2000-01 to universalize primary education and maintain the teacher-student ratio. | UPPCS (Mains) 2012 |
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| Nivesh Mitra | Re-launched in 2018. Scheme started by the Uttar Pradesh State Government. | UPPCS RO-ARO 2023 Prelims Re-Exam |
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| Amrit Bharat Station Scheme (UP) | 82 railway stations in Uttar Pradesh were identified for modernization as on February, 2023. | U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2023 |
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| Ganga Expressway | 594 km long, 6-lane (expandable to 8 lanes) greenfield access-controlled expressway in Uttar Pradesh, connecting Meerut in the west to Prayagraj (Allahabad) in the east. Inaugurated 2021. | UPPCS (Pre) 2023 |
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| UP Finance Corporation | Provides Long term credit to small and medium enterprises in Uttar Pradesh. Established in 1954 | U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2008 |
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| Sankalp Project | Associated with the eradication of AIDS/HIV. | UPPCS (Spl.) (Mains) 2008, UPPCS (Mains) 2012 |
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| Shabri Sankalp Abhiyan | Associated with the National Nutrition Mission; started in 2017 in UP to eradicate malnutrition. | U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2021 |
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| UPPCS (Mains) 2008, UPPCS (Mains) 2006, U.P.P.C.S (Pre) 2010, U.P. P.C.S (Mains) 2016, UPPSC Prelims-2023 |
| POSHAN Abhiyaan (National Nutrition Mission) | Flagship programme launched on March 8, 2018. Aims to improve nutritional outcomes for children, pregnant women and lactating mothers. NNM targets the reduction of stunting, under-nutrition, anemia, and low birth weight. | U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2021 |
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| Shabri Sankalp Abhiyan (UP Scheme) | Associated with the National Nutrition Mission. Started in Uttar Pradesh in 2017 to eradicate malnutrition. | U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2021 |
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| National Food Security Act (NFSA) | Passed in 2013. It covers up to 75% rural and 50% urban population and has a special focus on nutritional support to women and children. The State Food Commission is established under this Act. | U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2020, UPPSC Pre-2024 |
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| Shiksha Mitra Yojana (UP Scheme) | Launched in 2000-01 to universalize primary education, maintain the teacher-student ratio, and provide opportunities to village youth in education service. | UPPCS (Mains) 2012 |
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| DWCRA (Development of Women and Child in Rural Areas) | Aimed to improve the socio-economic status of poor women in rural areas through income-generating groups. Merged into SGSY in April, 1999. | UPPCS (Pre) 2001, 2003, U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2002 |
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| Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK) | Focuses on Meeting credit needs of the poor women. |
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| Swadhar Scheme | Started in 2001-02. Scheme for Women in difficult circumstances (e.g., widows, victims of natural calamities, women released from prison). | UPPCS(Pre) 2013, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2010, UPPCS (Mains) 2013 |
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| Swayam Siddha Scheme | Launched in 2001. Emphasized Holistic Empowerment of Women through Self Help Groups (SHGs). |
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| Swavalamban Scheme | Provides training and skills to women in traditional and non-traditional trades. Launched in 2010 A.D.. |
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| Nai Roshani Programme | Launched in 2012-13 by the Ministry of Minority Affairs for Leadership Development of Minority Women (Women empowerment). |
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| Beti Bachao Beti Padhao | Launched in January, 2015. | U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2015 |
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| Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act | Enacted in 2017. Provides 26 weeks paid maternity leave for the first two children (reduced to 12 weeks for subsequent children). |
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| Gender Budgeting | First introduced in India in the Union Budget 2005-06. |
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| Stand-Up India Scheme | Launched on April 5, 2016. Aims to promote entrepreneurship among SC/ST and women entrepreneurs. Provides refinance through SIDBI. |
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| Jawahar Rozgar Yojana (JRY) Reservation | Under this rural employment scheme, 30% of the employment generated was reserved for women. |
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| STEP (Support to Training and Employment Programme for Women) | Recognized as an employment-related programme. Launched in 1986-87. | UPPCS (Mains) 2015 |
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| Self-Help Group (SHG) Loans | Loans up to ₹3 lakh are provided to women SHGs at an interest rate of 7% under NRLM (as per 2013 decision). | UPPCS (Mains) 2014 |
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